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Structural steel grades compared across five standards (illustration)

Structural steel · Grade equivalents

Structural steel grades compared – ASTM, AS/NZS, EN, JIS and GB

Projects are designed to one standard and often supplied from mills that roll to another. This reference shows the nearest structural steel grades across the five standards World Steel works with every day – and what to check before one grade replaces another.

Ask our engineersגלו את הפתרון

S355 ≈ Gr 50 ≈ 350 ≈ SM490 ≈ Q355
The workhorse grades
≈ 345–355 MPa
5 standards
US · AU · EU · JP · CN
one table
Toughness
Must be matched
test temperature & energy
Engineer approval
For every substitution
project spec governs

Sections and plate

Hot-rolled sections and built-up members

See the nearest UB, UC and PFC equivalents in IPE, HE and W shapes, our plate grades and hollow sections, and when a built-up member beats a hot-rolled section.

Equivalent sections (illustration)

Strength classes

Nearest equivalent grades

By minimum yield strength for thin material. Not identical – toughness, chemistry, tolerances and thickness ranges differ.

Structural steel grades
Yield classUSA · ASTMAustralia · AS/NZSEurope · ENJapan · JISChina · GB
235 – 250 MPaA36Grade 250S235JRSS400 · SM400 · SN400Q235B
275 – 300 MPa—Grade 300S275JR / J0—Q275
345 – 355 MPaA572 Gr 50 · A992 (sections)Grade 350S355J2SM490 · SN490Q355B/C/D
415 – 420 MPaA572 Gr 60Grade 400S420M—Q420
450 – 460 MPaA572 Gr 65Grade 450S460N / MSM570Q460
≈ 690 MPa (Q&T)A514AS 3597 Grade 700S690QSHY685Q690
Weathering ≈ 350 MPaA588 · A709 50WWR350S355J2WSMA490Q355NH

Toughness

Impact test sub-grades

Charpy V-notch test temperature – choose by service temperature and plate thickness.

Sub-grades
Test temperatureEN 10025AS/NZSJISGB
+20 °CJR—B (SM490B at 0 °C)B
0 °CJ0L0B / CC
−15 / −20 °CJ2 · K2L15 (−15 °C)—D
−50 °CNL · MLY40 / L50 grades—E

תהליך

Substituting one standard for another

  1. 1

    Strength

    Compare minimum yield and tensile strength at the actual thickness – values drop with thickness and differ between standards.

  2. 2

    Toughness

    Match or exceed the Charpy energy and test temperature required by the design.

  3. 3

    Chemistry & weldability

    Check carbon equivalent and the welding procedures qualified for the grade.

  4. 4

    Dimensions & tolerances

    Section sizes and rolling tolerances differ – see the hot-rolled section equivalents.

  5. 5

    Approval

    Submit the substitution to the engineer of record; record it in the material schedule.

  6. 6

    Certification

    Deliver with EN 10204 3.1 certificates traceable to the heat number.

FAQ

שאלות נפוצות

Is S355 the same as A572 Gr 50?

They are the nearest equivalents (355 vs 345 MPa minimum yield) but not identical – toughness requirements, chemistry limits and thickness ranges differ.

What replaced Q345 in China?

GB/T 1591-2018 replaced Q345 with Q355, aligning the yield strength with S355.

Is SS400 equivalent to S275 or S235?

SS400 has a minimum yield of 245 MPa for thin material – between S235 and S275 – and limited chemistry control; for welded structures SM400 or SN400 is preferred.

תוכן קשור

חומרי בנייןSteel plateHollow sections (box)Steel pipe
מוצריםHot-rolled sections (UB · UC · PFC)
פתרונותBuilt-up steelSteel sourcing

פרויקטים לדוגמה

Need a grade substitution checked?

Send the specification and the proposed grades – our engineers prepare the comparison for approval.

Ask our engineers +84 902 881 833